10) If a Val were to become Psionic by being Silence-Touched, would they eyes turn 'clear' as if they were awakened naturally?

Uhh ... maybe not?

Two questions would need to be answered:
(1) Does the direct channeling of psionic energy change the val's eyes? (vs. the awakening process (and special gland) producing a biological side effect that changes the eye color).
(2) Does becoming silence touch involve a biological/physiological change? (vs. drawing power from your "master").

I assume the answer to #1 is no. Otherwise I think all val spellcasters would have clear eyes from manipulating the arcanum. Psionic energy is the arcanum...you just access it on an intuitive level.

I have very little idea about #2.

I do feel somewhat confident that if the Ssanu kidnap you and experiment with awakening you via biomancy that your val eyes would not turn silver since they'r implanting their own hardware into you (though I suppose its possible that the Ssanu hardware might also trigger the silver eyes).

How does the silence impart psionic ability? We don't know. I don't think new hardware is implanted as with the Ssanu scenario. And since a human (or anything else really) can use preternatural psionics by becoming "touched by the silence" I am sure the special val gland is not involved. So at a guess I would say that your eyes would not change.

10) I would think yes. For the simple reason that agents of the Silence are all about stealth and subterfuge. So changing a Val's eyes to look the proper color (or lack there of) is the best way to avoid revealing that he/she is Silence Touched. I mean it's pretty big give away if their agent uses psionics and still has the steely gray eyes.

But I can't recall a single Val agent of the Silence in the old campaign. So I can't provide proof either way.

There was a val'Inares in "To Shake the Pillars of Heaven" as I recall, but that individual showed no evidence of being Silenced Touched.

I started to have a look through a couple of the old adventures that dealt with the silence to see if the clear eyes were mentioned.

Unfortunately my Archives of the 3.5 adventures are incomplete due to a harddrive failure a while back. But I was looking through one mod called "The Sacrifice of Generations" and it reminded me of something interesting to do with the silence.

Tried to copy the text into a spoiler box, but could not get BBCode to work. Did not want to copy directly in-case people did not want the spoilers.

11) We know that the Khitani and Uls have followed a more asian-style naming scheme even during the First Imperium when they were part of that world, and they were isolated from the rest of the Imperium since the events of the Blood War. Did the Khitani language and noticable difference in culture start then, or after the Dreaming of Larissa led them to the northwest corner of the continent? Speaking only from a linguistic point of view, I can't see Khitani being at all related to Altheran, but that could just be me applying our world to Arcanis where Chinese is not related to the Indo-European languages that represent the rest of the 'known languages' in the Arcanis universe.

Again we don't really know. BUT the guys from Enpyben have vaguely Finnish names and we have essentially no Finnish influences on the Coryani tongue. The Finnish names came with their "clan" when they came over for the Gods War before Altheris gifted everyone with a common language. I *THINK* a similar thing happened with all the tribes that have Asian influenced names. In this scenario we have Chinese-ish people speaking something close to Latin...peppered perhaps with some cultural hold overs. That doesn't map perfectly with things like the wide spread use of the word Dao for Broadsword but it would make some sense.

I agree its hard to see how you get Latin and Chinese out of one root language.

Regardless, if you look how much the English has drifted in 1000 years its clear the Coryani and the Khitani can't speak to each other without interpreters.

12) How does the 'arcane wasting disease' affect Elorii and other long lived races? We have it in the book that it is enough of a problem that human-kin fear it, meaning arcane power can damage a person in as little as a century of use. However, we have records of Elorii and Ssanu casters who are centuries--if not millennia--old who are using magic and show no known outside effects of using their magic. Are these races less prone to the 'wasting'? Is Elder Magic 'safer' to use?

I would suspect Eldar magic is safer as it takes longer to cast. This means that there is less primal forces traveling through the body to achieve the same effect.

One thing that I would have to wonder then is... do primal casters suffer from the wasting illness since they get their spells indirectly?

Neither primal casting nor elder casting (nor psionics, nor Sarishian style) causes the wasting disease. As I understand it. TMK. Its strictly an eldritch thing, but in eldritch you "take shortcuts" and use "estimations" to run the arcanum through your body and out into the world.

Bear in mind that really powerful casters don't seem much bothered by this. Gemmelus, for example, is 500 years old and doing just fine. That might be an Ymandrake thing...but Nurion the undying presumably is also immune to the wasting disease.