That's a good question. Somewhat helpfully A:RPG says on page 238
A:RPG pg 238 wrote:
Each range increment applies a -1 penalty to the attack roll and lowers the Attribute die of the attacker by one size category, to a cap of a -5 penalty and only dealing the weapon’s base die in damage.
Which seems to indicate that you get more than one range increment with thrown weapons.
For some weapons that gets hard baked into the system. If its listed as a thrown weapon on table 2-23 then both a range increment AND a maximum is listed. But a weapon with the thrown quality only gets one range listing.
Though I don't really like the results of the idea, I agree with the people who have suggested that the thrown quality "distance" is probably meant to be both the increment and the max distance. If there is a specific trick of MT that superceeds this general rule, I would go with the MT or trick for expanding the maximum distance of the attack...but I believe the range increment (usually 10') would remain and you would take penalties for each increment.